Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was born in Larkana, Sindh. After studying in Bombay, he attended the University of Southern California in 1947 to study political science. In 1949, he transferred to UC Berkeley, for a B.A in political science. In 1950, Bhutto studied law at the University of Oxford and received a B.A in jurisprudence, followed by an LLM degree in law and an M.Sc. degree in political science. In 1957, Bhutto became the youngest member of Pakistan’s delegation to the UN. After the ousting of Iskander Mirza by Ayub Khan, Bhutto became Ayub’s close ally. In 1960, he was appointed as the Minister of Water and Power, Communications and Industry. In 1963, he was appointed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs till 1966. In 1967, he went on to create the socialist Pakistan People’s Party, which quickly rose to prominence. After the tensions between West Pakistan’s PPP and East Pakistan’s Awami League created by the Pakistan Army, leading to the secession of East Pakistan in 1971, Bhutto became Pakistan’s first democratically elected leader as President on 20 December. In 1973, after creating Pakistan’s first constitution, he became Prime Minister. Pakistan hosted the historic 2nd Islamic Summit in 1974, where leaders of the Muslim world under the OIC met to discuss global Muslim issues. Following the 1977 elections which saw a landslide victory by the PPP, the Chief of Army Staff Zia-ul-Haq executed a military coup on 5 July 1977. Bhutto was arrested, jailed, and put on trial for false charges of murder and rigging of elections. He was convicted in 1978 and executed under extremely suspicious circumstances on 4 April 1979. On 6 March 2024, a nine-member SCP bench, headed by CJP Qazi Faez Isa, stated that Bhutto was not provided a fair trial and his rights were violated.